Does South Africa really have 141 laws that discriminate against white people?

UPDATE: The IRR have backtracked by updated their list to clarify that nine of the alleged 142 operative laws have been deracialised since they were originally adopted as race laws. Some originally racial laws (to be distinguished from subsequently “racialised” laws) from before 1994, that remain operative today, are not enforceable, given the intervention of the 1993 and 1996 constitutions. Unless formally repealed, these laws will continue to be categorised as operative.

I accidentally ommitted a few laws. Will add them ASAP.

Does South Africa have 141 race-based laws discriminating against white people?

Decide for yourself.

I’ve created a comprehensive list here cross referencing the laws mentioned in this report released by Afriforum in late 2023 with this list of laws from the IRR (last updated January 2025). One or two may be mistakenly omitted or contain minor errors, which I am happy to rectify.

I am listed the laws by original creation date (not date of amendment), quoting each one almost verbatim (editing only for for clarity and length). Each law is available online for those who want to check this.

I am not a legal professional, nor am I affiliated with an group or party. My views are my own.

A special thanks to Kaitlin Rawson for her assistance on this! Go check out her TikTok. It is great.

Without further ado:

1. (IRR) Bethelsdorp Settlement Act 34 of 1921: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

2. (IRR) Insolvency Act 24 of 1936 (Racialised 16/2003) states that the Minister may determine policy for the appointment of a curator, bonis, trustee, provisional trustee or co-trustee to promote consistency, fairness, transparency and the achievement of equality for persons previously disadvantaged by unfair discrimination as well as policy for the appointment of a provisional liquidator, co-liquidator, liquidator or provisional judicial manager to promote consistency, fairness, transparency and the achievement of equality for persons previously disadvantaged by unfair discrimination.

3. (IRR) Deeds Registries Act 47 of 1937 (Racialised 20/2024) includes provisions for the Minister to make regulations in respect of the collection of personal information relating to race, gender, citizenship and nationality for statistical and land audit purposes.

4. (IRR) Section 3 of the Industrial Development Corporation Act of 1940 states that the objects of the corporation shall be to facilitate, promote, guide and assist in the promotion the economic empowerment of the historically disadvantaged communities and persons.

5. (IRR) Merchandise Marks Act 17 of 1941 states that the Minister may not designate an event as a protected event unless the staging of the event is in the public interest and the Minister is satisfied that the organisers have created sufficient opportunities for small businesses and in particular those of the previously disadvantaged communities.

6. (IRR) Marriage Act 25 of 1961: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

7. (IRR) Coloured Persons’ Education Act 47 of 1963: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

8. (IRR) Indians Laws Amendment Act 68 of 1963: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

9. (IRR) Indians Education Act 61 of 1965: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

10. (IRR) Members of the Coloured Persons’ Representative Council Pensions Act 49 of 1974: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

11. (IRR) Members of the South African Indian Council Pensions Act 86 of 1974: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

12. (IRR) Community Councils Act 125 of 1977: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

13. (IRR) Petroleum Products Act 120 of 1977: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

14. (IRR) General Pensions Act 29 of 1979: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

15. (IRR) Education and Training Act 90 of 1979: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

16. (IRR) Black Labour (Transfer of Functions) Act 88 of 1980: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

17. (IRR) Alienation of Land Act of 68 of 1981: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

18. (IRR) Promotion of Local Government Affairs Act 91 of 1983: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

19. (IRR) Members of Parliament and Political Office-Bearers Pension Scheme Act 112 of 1984: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

20. (IRR) Close Corporations Act 69 of 1984 states that the Minister may determine policy for the appointment of a liquidator in order to promote consistency, fairness, transparency and the achievement of equality for persons previously disadvantaged by unfair discrimination.

21. (IRR) Law of Evidence Amendment Act 45 of 1988: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

22. (IRR) Education Affairs Act 70 of 1988: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

23. (IRR) Public Service Act Proc 103 of 1994 states that the Minister is responsible for establishing norms and standards relating to transformation, reform, innovation and any other matter to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the public service and its service delivery to the public.
    
    It also states that inthe making of any appointment in terms of section 9 in the public service, the evaluation of persons shall be based on training, skills, competence, knowledge and the need to redress, in accordance with the Employment Equity Act, the imbalances of the past to achieve a public service broadly representative of the South African people, including representation according to race, gender and disability.

24. (IRR) Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

25. (IRR) South African Schools Act 84 of 1996: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

26. (IRR) National Small Enterprise Act 102 of 1996: No explanation provided as to how this pre-Democratic law discriminates against white South Africans.

27. (IRR) Lotteries Act 57 of 1997 states that the Minister shall be satisfied that the applicant will for the duration of the licence show a clear and continuous commitment to the social responsibility programme contemplated in section 10 and to the advancement, upliftment and economic empowerment of persons or groups or categories of persons disadvantaged by unfair discrimination.

28. (IRR) Housing Act 107 of 1997 states that the national, provincial and local spheres of government must promote: the process of racial, social, economic and physical integration in urban and rural areas; the effective functioning of the housing market while levelling the playing fields and taking steps to achieve access for all; measures to prohibit unfair discrimination on the grounds of gender and other forms of unfair discrimination in the housing development process; the housing needs of marginalised women and other groups disadvantaged by unfair discrimination; and the expression of cultural identity and diversity in housing development.
    
    It also states that members of the South African and Provincial Housing Development Board should broadly reflect the race, gender and geographic composition of South Africa.

29. (AF) Section 5(1)(c) of the National Arts Council Act 56 of 1997 states that the composition of the Council shall be broadly representative of the gender, language and community composition of the Republic.

30. (AF) Section 8(1) of the Legal Deposit Act 54 of 1997 states that in establishing the Legal Deposit Committee, regulations prescribing the manner of designation shall apply the principles of transparency and representivity.

31. (AF) Section 7(1)(c) of the National Film and Video Foundation Act of 1997 states that the composition of the Council shall be broadly representative of the stakeholders in the video and film industry and South African population.

32. (AF) Section 8(2)(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1997 states that the selection of the chairperson, ordinary members and co-opted members must be undertaken in such a manner as to ensure, insofar as is practically possible, that due attention is given to representivity on such relevant grounds as race and disability.

33. (IRR) Cross-Border Road Transport Act 4 of 1998 states that where the applicant is a South African carrier, the Board must take into account the empowerment of persons historically disadvantaged by unfair discrimination and any relevant code of good practice or transformation charter published in terms of the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act.

34. (AF) (IRR) Section 6(1)(a) of the South African Library for the Blind Act 91 of 1998 states members appointed to the Board be appointed according to principles of transparency and representivity and that expertise in financial matters and matters affecting blind and print handicapped readers must be represented on the Board.

35. (AF) Sections 7(2) and 34(2) of the Marine Living Resources Act 18 of 1998 states that the Minister shall ensure that the Forum and Council be broadly representative and multidisciplinary, with members qualified to make a substantial contribution towards its proper functioning.

36. (AF) Section 8 of the National Prosecuting Authority Act 32 of 1998 states that the racial and gender composition of South Africa must be considered when members of the prosecuting authority are appointed.

37. (AF) (IRR) Section 6(1)(a) of the National Library of South Africa Act 92 of 1998 states that the Minister should appoint board members in the prescribed manner, provided that the regulations prescribing the manner of appointment apply the principles of transparency and representivity.

38. (AF) (IRR) Section 13A of the National Sport and Recreation Act 110 of 1998 states that the Minister must issue guidelines or policies to promote equity and redress in sports and recreation.

39. (AF) (IRR) Section 5(3) of the Cultural Institutions Act 119 of 1998 states that members of a council contemplated must be appointed in accordance with the principles of transparency and representivity.

40. (AF) Section 96(3)(c) of the Correctional Services Act 111 of 1998 states that the National Commissioner shall determine appointment of correctional officials, but the assessment of persons shall be based on level of training, relevant skills, competence, and the need to redress the imbalances of the past in order to achieve a Department broadly representative of the South African population, including representation according to race, gender and disability.

41. (AF) (IRR) Section 3(2) of the South African Geographical Names Council Act 118 of 1998 states that members of the Council must be appointed by the Minister in the prescribed manner, and the regulations prescribing the manner of appointment must apply the principles of transparency and representivity and must take into account the linguistic, cultural and demographic characteristics of the population of the Republic.

42. (AF) Section 6(3)(a) of the Local Government: Municipal Demarcation Act 27 of 1998 states that the Board be broadly representative of South African society.

43. (AF) Sections 2 and 81(10)(e) of the National Water Act 36 of 1998 states that the purpose of this Act includes ensuring that the nation's water resources are protected, used, developed, conserved, managed and controlled in ways which take into account (amongst other factors) redressing the results of past racial and gender discrimination and for achieving this purpose, to establish suitable institutions and to ensure that they have appropriate community, racial and gender representation.
    
    It also states that when appointing members to the Board, the Minister may appoint additional members in order to achieve sufficient gender representation; demographic representation and representation of disadvantaged persons or communities which have been prejudiced by past discrimination in relation to access to water.

44. (IRR) Postal Services Act 124 of 1998 states that the objectives of this Act include developing greater equity in respect of the distribution of services, particularly within the areas of the historically disadvantaged communities, including rural areas; and encourage the development of human resources and capacity building within the postal industry, especially amongst historically disadvantaged groups.

45. (IRR) Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

46. (AF) (IRR) Section 14(4) of the State Information Technology Agency Act 88 of 1998 states that in the making of appointments and the filling of posts, there is a need to redress the imbalances of the past to achieve an Agency broadly representative of the South African people and that representation according to race, gender and disability must be considered.

47. (AF) Section 6(1)(b) of the National Empowerment Fund Act 105 of 1998 states that trustees must be persons who when viewed collectively, predominantly represent a broad cross-section of the historically disadvantaged persons of the Republic.

48. (IRR) National Forests Act 84 of 1998 states that the aim of the Act includes promoting greater participation in all aspects of forestry and the forest products industry by persons disadvantaged by unfair discrimination.

49. (AF) Section 11(4)(a) of the Skills Development Act 97 of 1998 states that the aim of the Act includes improving the employment prospects of persons previously disadvantaged by unfair discrimination and to redress those disadvantages through training and education.

50. (AF) Section 6(1)(b) of the Employment of Educators Act 76 of 1998: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

51. When determining whether a merger can or cannot be justified on public interest grounds, the Competition Commission/Tribunal must consider the effect that the merger will have on firms controlled or owned by historically disadvantaged persons, to effectively enter into, participate in or expand within the market and the promotion of a greater spread of ownership, in particular to increase the levels of ownership by historically disadvantaged persons and workers in firms in the market.

52. (IRR) Competition Act 89 of 1998 states that the Competition Commission may grant an exemption if the agreement or practice concerned, or category of agreements or practices concerned, contributes to the promotion of the effective entry into, participation in or expansion within a market by groups including firms controlled or owned by historically disadvantaged persons.

53. (AF) (IRR) Section 13(4)(c) of the Broadcasting Act of 1999 states that the members of the Board must, when viewed collectively, represent a broad cross-section of the population of the Republic.

54. (AF) (IRR) Section 5(2) of the National Heritage Council Act of 1999 states that members of the Council must be appointed by the Minister in the prescribed manner, and the regulations prescribing the manner of appointment must apply the principles of transparency and representivity.

55. (AF) Section 14(2) of the National Heritage Resources Act of 1999 states that the members of the Council must be appointed in accordance with the principles of transparency and representivity and their appointment must take into account the desirability that the members be representative of the relevant sectoral interests and the cultural and demographic characteristics of the population of the Republic.

56. (AF) (IRR) Section 14(4) of the World Heritage Convention Act of 1999 states that members of the Council must be appointed by the Minister in the prescribed manner, and the regulations prescribing the manner of appointment must apply the principles of transparency and representivity.

57. (AF) (IRR) Section 5(2)(c) of the National Student Financial Aid Scheme Act of 1999 states that the selection of the appointed members and co-opted members must be undertaken in such a manner as to ensure, insofar as is practically possible, that due attention is given to the representivity of the board on such relevant factors as race, gender and disability.

58. (IRR) Local Government: Municipal Systems Act 32 of 2000 states that when establishing mechanisms, processes and procedures, the municipality must take into account the special needs of people who cannot read or write, people with disabilities, women and other disadvantaged groups.

59. (AF) (IRR) Section 6(1) of the South African Council for Educators Act of 2000 states that the Council must consist of members appointed by the Minister with due consideration to representation in respect of race, gender, disability and geographic distribution.

60. (AF) Section 7 of the National Health Laboratory Service Act of 2000 states that the Board must consist of members appointed by the Minister with due consideration to representation in respect of race, gender and disability.

61. (AF) (IRR) Section 5(2) of the Council for the Built Environment Act of 2000 states that the council must consist of the following members, taking into account, among other things, the principles of transparency and representivity.

62. (AF) (IRR) Section 3(1) of the Architectural Profession Act of 2000 states that the Council must consist of the following members, taking into account, among other things, the principles of transparency and representivity.

63. (AF) (IRR) Section 3(1) of the Property Valuers Profession Act of 2000 states that the Council must consists of the following members, taking into account, among other things, the principles of transparency and representivity.

64. (AF) (IRR) Section 3 of the Project and Construction Management Professions Act of 2000 states that the Council must consists of the following members, taking into account, among other things, the principles of transparency and representivity.

65. (AF) (IRR) Section 3(1) of the Quantity Surveying Profession Act of 2000 states that the Council must consists of the following members, taking into account, among other things, the principles of transparency and representivity.

66. (IRR) Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act 4 of 2000: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

67. (AF) Section 129(2) of the Firearms Control Act 60 of 2000 states that Appeal Board members must be appointed by the Minister and when viewed collectively, must as far as possible be broadly representative of the population of the Republic.

68. (AF) (IRR) Section 3(1) of the Landscape Architectural Profession Act 45 of 2000 states that the composition of Council should take into account, among other things, principles of transparency and representivity.

69. (AF) (IRR) Section 3(1) of the Engineering Profession Act 46 of 2000 states that the composition of Council should take into account, among other things, principles of transparency and representivity.

70. (AF) (IRR) Section 5(2)(b)(i) of the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa Act 13 of 2000 states that persons appointed to the Council must be persons who when viewed collectively are representative of a broad cross section of the population of the Republic.

71. (AF) (IRR) Section 6(3) of the Construction Industry Development Board Act 38 of 2000 states that in the appointment of the members of the Board, the Minister must take cognizance of the need to achieve a reasonable balance of expertise and knowledge of the construction industry, whilst broadly reflecting the race, gender and geographic composition of the Republic.

72. (AF) (IRR) Section 5(2) of the Advisory Board on Social Development Act of 2001 states that in appointing members to the Board, the Minister must ensure that the Board represents a broad cross-section of the population of South Africa and comprises of persons who reflect South African society with special attention to race, gender, disability and geographical spread.

73. (AF) Section 8(2) of the National Council of Library and Information Services Act of 2001 states that the Council must be constituted in a manner that will take into account gender, disability and historically disadvantaged persons.

74. (AF) (IRR) Section 5(3)(c) of the South African Weather Service Act of 2001 states that before appointing any person, the Minister must ensure that the Board is broadly representative of South African society.

75. (IRR) Gas Act 48 of 2001 states that the Minister must appoint, as members of the Gas Regulator, persons are collectively representative of South African society as a whole.

76. (IRR) Private Security Industry Regulation Act 56 of 2001 states that objectives of the Authority include promoting the empowerment and advancement of persons who were historically disadvantaged through unfair discrimination in the private security industry, encouraging ownership and control of security businesses by persons historically disadvantaged through unfair discrimination, and encouraging equal opportunity employment practices in the private security.
    
    It also states that the director must in the appointment of staff provide for the advancement of persons historically disadvantaged by unfair discrimination and generally apply equal employment opportunity practices with the aim that its staff, when viewed collectively, represent a broad cross-section of the population of the Republic.

77. (AF) Section 9 of the South African Boxing Act of 2001 states Boxing SA must consist of members appointed based on their expertise and knowledge of women's and amateur boxing, media and marketing related matters and development and transformation.

78. (AF) Section 6(3)(c) of the General and Further Education and Training Quality Assurance Act of 2001 states that the selection of members must be undertaken in such a manner as to ensure, insofar as is practically possible, that due attention is given to the representivity of the Council in terms of such relevant factors such as race. gender and disability.

79. (AF) (IRR) Section 4(4)(b)(i) of the Media Development and Diversity Agency Act of 2002 states that persons appointed to the Board must be persons who when viewed collectively are representative of a broad cross section of the population of the Republic.

80. (IRR) Intelligence Services Act 65 of 2002 states that the Minister may, after consultation with the Joint Standing Committee on Intelligence, make regulations as to matters relating to representivity and equity not inconsistent with the objectives and principles of the Employment Equity Act.

81. (AF) Section 8(6)(a) of the Land and Agricultural Development Bank Act of 2002 states that Board members viewed collectively must represent a broad cross-section of the population of the Republic.

82. (AF) (IRR) Section 6(3)(a) of the Electronic Communications and Transactions Act of 2002 states that the Board, when viewed collectively, must be broadly representative of the demographics of the country, including having regard to gender and disability.

83. (AF) (IRR) Section 59(1) of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act of 2002 states that the the Board must reflect the gender and racial composition in the Republic.

84. (AF) (IRR) Section 4(4) of the Planning Profession Act of 2002 states that in appointing members of the Council, the Minister must have due regard to the diversity of interests and the need to ensure and promote gender, disability and other demographic representativity.

85. Electronic Communications Security (Pty) Ltd Act 68 of 2002 states that in filling posts, the evaluation of persons must be based on training, skills, competence, knowledge and the need to redress the imbalances of the past, so as to achieve a staff complement broadly representative of the South African population, according to race, gender and disability.

86. (AF) Section 62C(3)(a) of the Defence Act of 2002 states that in establishing a nomination committee, the Minister must ensure that the committee is broadly representative of the South African population and that both males and females are represented.

87. (IRR) Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment Act 53 of 2003: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

88. (IRR) Petroleum Pipelines Act 60 of 2003 states that the objectives of this Act include to promote companies in the petroleum pipeline industry that are owned or controlled by historically disadvantaged South Africans, by means of licence conditions to enable them to become competitive.
    
    It also states that the Authority may impose licence conditions within the following framework of requirements and limitations, including that the licence is granted to promote historically disadvantaged South Africans.

89. (AF) Section 3(1)(a)(iv) of the Natural Scientific Professions Act 27of 2003 states that the Council must be constituted in a manner that is broadly representative of the demographics of the country.

90. (IRR) Liquor Act 59 of 2003: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

91. (IRR) National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act 57 of 2003: Special Note: It appears as if the person who compiled this list did a search for the words race and diversity without reading the actual Act, not realising the Act discusses plant diversity and the definition of the word species (which can include race).

92. (IRR) National Health Act 61 of 2003 states that before the Director-General issues or renews a certificate of need, he or she must take into account the need to promote an equitable distribution and rationalisation of health services and health care resources, and the need to correct inequities based on racial, gender, economic and geographical factors as well as the need to protect or advance persons or categories of persons designated in terms of the Employment Equity Act.

93. (AF) Sections 22(3)(d) and 58(2) of the Local Government: Municipal Property Rates Acts of 2004 states that 22(3)(d) if a municipality establishes a committee to to act as a consultative and advisory forum for the improvement and upgrading of the area, that representivity, including gender representivity, must be taken into account and that 58(2) an appeal board appointed by the MEC for local government in the province must take into account the need for representivity, including gender representivity.

94. (IRR) The National Gambling Act 7 of 2004: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

95. (AF) (IRR) Section 6 of the National Energy Regulator Act of 2004 states that the Minister must appoint, as members of the Energy Regulator, persons who are collectively broadly representative of South African society as a whole.

96. (IRR) National Ports Act 12 of 2005: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

97. (AF) (IRR) Section 11(3)(a) of the Auditing Profession Act of 2005 states that when making the appointments, the Minister must take into consideration the need for transparency and representivity within the broader demographics of the South African population.

98. (AF) (IRR) Section 28(1)(a) of the National Credit Act of 2005 states that the members of the Tribunal, viewed collectively must represent a broad cross-section of the population of the Republic.

99. (IRR) Cooperatives Act 14 of 2005: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

100. (IRR) Electronic Communications Act 36 of 2005: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

101. (AF) Section 10(2)(a) of the Measurement Units and Measurement Standards Act of 2006 states that when appointing the members of the Board, the Minister must ensure that those members are broadly representative of the demographics of the country including with regard to gender and disability.

102. (AF) Section 8(2)(a) of the Accreditation for Conformity Assessment, Calibration and Good Laboratory Practice Act of 2006 states that when appointing members to the Board, the Minister must ensure that those members are broadly representative of the demographics of the country, including with regard to gender and disability.

103. (AF) (IRR) Section 58(3)(a) of the Co-operative Banks Act of 2007 states that when making appointments, the Minister must take into consideration the need for transparency and representivity within the broader demographics of the South African population.

104. (IRR) Government Immovable Asset Management Act 19 of 2007 states that in relation to a disposal, the custodian must consider whether the immovable asset concerned can be used in relation to government's socio-economic objectives, including land reform, black economic empowerment, alleviation of poverty, job creation and the redistribution of wealth.

105. (AF) Section 6(3)(a) of the Standards Act of 2008 states that when appointing the members of the Board, the Minister must ensure that such members are broadly representative of the population of the Republic.

106. (IRR) National Qualifications Framework Act 67 of 2008 states that the objectives of the NQF include accelerating the redress of past unfair discrimination in education, training and employment opportunities.

     It also states that to ensure that the functions of the SAQA are performed in the manner contemplated in paragraph (a), due attention must be given to the representativity of the board in terms of such factors as race, gender and disability.

107. (AF) Section 7(5) of the South African Judicial Education Institute Act of 2008 states that due consideration must be given in the composition of the Council to demographic and gender representivity.

108. (IRR) National Environmental Management: Waste Act 59 of 2008: Special Note: It appears as if the person who compiled this list did a search for the word diversity without reading the actual Act, as the Act stated that the diversityas the Act states that the diversity, complexity and competitive nature of the industry concerned would make it impractical for a category of persons other than an organ of state or provincial department responsible for environmental affairs to prepare the plan.

109. (IRR) Intellectual Property Rights from Publicly Financed Research and Development Act 51 of 2008 states that the object of this Act includes seeking to ensure that the people of the Republic, particularly small enterprises and BBBEE entities, have preferential access to opportunities arising from the production of knowledge from publicly financed research and development and the attendant intellectual property.
     
     It also states that the recipient determines the nature and conditions of intellectual property transactions relating to any intellectual property held by it, but must take into account that preference must be given to BBBEE entities and small enterprises.

110. (IRR) National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act 24 of 2008 states that the national coastal management programme must identify the responsibilities of different organs of state, including their responsibilities in relation to marginalised or previously disadvantaged communities that are dependent on coastal resources for their livelihood.

111. (AF) Section 12(3) of the Housing Development Agency Act of 2008 states that in establishing a nomination committee, the Minister must ensure that the committee is broadly representative of the various racial groups and geographic areas of the Republic and that both males and females are represented.

112. (IRR) National Land Transport Act 5 of 2009 states that contracting authorities may enter into negotiated contracts with operators in their areas with a view to promoting the economic empowerment of small business or of persons previously disadvantaged by unfair discrimination.

113. (IRR) Financial Management of Parliament and Provincial Legislatures Act 10 of 2009: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

114. (IRR) South African Postbank Limited Act 9 of 2010 states that members of the Board must be persons who when viewed collectively are representative of a broad cross-section of the population of the Republic; and in establishing a nomination committee, the Minister must ensure that the committee broadly reflects the race and gender composition of the Republic.

115. (IRR) Community Schemes Ombud Service Act 92 of 2011 states that in establishing a nomination committee, the Minister must ensure that the committee is broadly representative and consider the need for representation of historically disadvantaged persons.

116. (IRR) South African Post Office SOC Ltd Act 22 of 2011 states that the objectives of the act include encouraging the development of human resources and capacity-building within the postal industry, especially among historically disadvantaged groups.
     
     It also states that subject to the Postal Services Act and the licence issued to the Post Office in terms of the said Act, the Post Office must take reasonable measures, within its available resources, to ensure greater equity in respect of the distribution of services, particularly within the areas of the historically disadvantaged communities, including rural areas; and ensure development of human resources and capacity-building within the postal industry, especially amongst historically disadvantaged groups.
     
     It additionally states that when a nomination committee is established, the Minister must ensure that the committee is broadly representative of the various racial groups and geographic areas of the Republic and that both males and females are represented.

117. (IRR) Geomatics Profession Act 19 of 2013 states that the Act must strive to achieve transparency and equity in the profession in order to ensure its legitimacy and effectiveness and strive to transform the profession in order to reflect the demographics of the country and to redress the imbalances of the past.
     
     It also states that in appointing a member, the Minister must have due regard to the need to promote representation, including gender, disability and other demographic representation.

118. (IRR) Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013 states that a responsible party may, subject to section 27, not process personal information concerning race or ethnic origin and the prohibition on processing personal information concerning a data subject’s race or ethnic origin, as referred to in section 26, does not apply if the processing is carried out to identify data subjects and only when this is essential for that purpose; and comply with laws and other measures designed to protect or advance persons, or categories of persons, disadvantaged by unfair discrimination.

119. (IRR) Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act 16 of 2013: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

120. (IRR) Superior Courts Act 10 of 2013 notes that with the advent of the democratic constitutional dispensation in 1994, the Republic inherited a fragmented court structure and infrastructure which were largely derived from our colonial history and were subsequently further structured to serve the segregation objectives of the apartheid dispensation.

121. (IRR) Public Administration Management Act 11 of 2014 states that each institution must ensure broad representation of the South African people, with employment and personnel management practices based on ability, objectivity, fairness, and the need to redress the imbalances of the past to achieve broad representation.

122. (IRR) Employment Services Act 4 of 2014 states that the Board must have due regard to representivity with reference to race, gender and disability when appointing the Chief Executive Officer and other employees.

123. (IRR) Legal Practice Act 28 of 2014: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

124. (IRR) Legal Aid South Africa Act 39 of 2014 states that when constituting the Board, Committee or appointing employees and designating agents, the racial and gender composition of South Africa, representation of persons with disabilities and provincial representation must be taken into account.

125. (IRR) Infrastructure Development Act 23 of 2014 states that practices and procedures which seek to ensure that infrastructure development should not be undertaken merely in a transactional manner, but in a manner which seeks to advance broad-based economic empowerment and promote the creation of decent employment opportunities and skills development, training and education, especially for historically disadvantaged persons and communities, women and persons with disabilities, in so far as it relates to infrastructure and any strategic integrated project.
     

     It also states that the Minister may, in consultation with the Council, make regulations regarding any matter that may or must be prescribed in terms of this Act and that the criteria that must be applied in the implementation of a strategic integrated project, relating to BBBEE, in particular in relation to women and persons with disabilities.

126. (IRR) Protection of Investment Act 22 of 2015 states that foreign investors and their investments must not be treated less favourably than South African investors but that this must not be interpreted in a manner that will require the Republic to extend to foreign investors and their investments the benefit of any treatment, preference or privilege resulting from any law/measure aiming to promote the achievement of equality in South Africa or protect/advance persons, historically disadvantaged by unfair discrimination on the basis of race, gender or disability or aiming to promote and preserve cultural heritage and practices, indigenous knowledge and biological resources related thereto, or national heritage; or any special advantages accorded in the Republic
     
     It also sorts that notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Act, the government or any organ of state may, in accordance with the Constitution and applicable legislation, take measures, which may include redressing historical, social and economic inequalities and injustices and promoting and preserving cultural heritage and practices, indigenous knowledge and biological resources related thereto, or national heritage.

127. (IRR) Insurance Act 18 of 2017: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

128. (IRR) Property Practitioners Act 22 of 2019: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.

129. (IRR) Foreign Service Act 26 of 2019 states that all Heads of Mission must reflect broadly the diversity of South Africa.

130. (IRR) Public Procurement Act 28 of 2024: This law explicitly references redress directed at Black South Africans. Please read the entire Act in its entirety.